In the scope of humanity The human condition encompasses the experiences of being human in a social, cultural, and personal context. The 'human condition' is especially studied through the set of disciplines and sub-fields that make up the humanities. The study of history, philosophy, literature, and the arts all help understand the nature of the human condition and the, human development is an international and economic development paradigm.

Contents

Scope of human development

Human development is a development model that is about much more than the rise or fall of national incomes. It is about creating an environment in which people can develop their full potential and lead productive, creative lives in accordance with their needs and interests, thus bringing the focus back onto people. People are the real wealth of nations. Development is thus about expanding the choices people have, to lead lives that they value and improving the human condition so that people will get the chance to lead full lives.[1] And it is thus about much more than economic growth, which is only a means —if a very important one —of enlarging people’s choices.[2]

Fundamental to enlarging these choices is building human capabilities —the range of things that people can do or be in life. Human development disperses the concentration of the distribution of goods and services that underprivileged people need and center its ideas on human decisions.[3].By investing in people, we enable growth and empower people thus developing human capabilities.[4] The most basic capabilities for human development are to lead long and healthy lives, to be knowledgeable, to have access to the resources and social services, needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate in the life of the community. Without these, many choices are simply not available, and many opportunities in life remain inaccessible.[5]

There are four basic pillars of human development: equity, sustainability, production and empowerment. Equity is the idea of fairness for every person; we each have the right to an education and health care. Secondly, sustainability is the view that we all have the right to earn a living that can sustain us and have access to a more even distribution of goods amongst populations. In addition, production is used to show how the government needs more efficient social programs for its people. Lastly, empowerment is providing people who are powerless to be given power such as women.[6]

This way of looking at development, often forgotten in the immediate concern with accumulating commodities and financial wealth, is not new. Philosophers, economists and political leaders have long emphasized human well-being as the purpose, the end, of development. As Aristotle said in ancient Greece, “Wealth is evidently not the good we are seeking, for it is merely useful for the sake of something else.”[7]

Developed countries are seen as those who have a continuous progress in the indexes of life. The countries that have seemed to excel are viewed as having better policies than those who have remained stagnant.[8]

Human rights and human development

In seeking that something else, human development shares a common vision with human rights. The goal is human freedom. Therefore, human development is interconnected with human rights and human freedom because in well-managed prisons life expectancy and literacy as measured by the Human Development Index could be quite high.[9] And in pursuing capabilities and realizing rights, this freedom is vital. People must be free to exercise their choices and to participate in decision-making that affects their lives. Human development and human rights are mutually reinforcing, helping to secure the well-being and dignity of all people, building self-respect and the respect of others.[10]

Health and human development

Development is undermined by health concerns as it both directly and indirectly influences growth to be lower. HIV/AIDS in addition to malaria has negatively influenced development and increased poverty in places such as Africa. Creating adequate health standards are important for the success of development and the abolition of poverty.[11]

Human Development Report

The Human Development Report (HDR) is released by the United Nations and contains the Human Development Index. There is not only a global Human Development Report but there are regionla and national reports as well that specifically show certain areas. Within the report there are four main indexes: Human Development Index, Gender-related Development Index, Gender Empowerment Measure and the Human Poverty Index.[12]

The Human development Index is a way for people and nations to see the policy flaws of regions and countries. Although the releasing of this information is believed to encourage countries to alter their policies, there is no evidence demonstrating changes nor is there any motivation for countries to do so.[13]

Human Development Index

Main article: Human Development Index The Human Development Index is a composite statistic used as an index to rank countries by level of "human development" and separate developed (high development), developing (middle development), and underdeveloped (low development) countries. The statistic is composed from statistics for Life Expectancy, Education, and GDP collected at HDI trends
OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is an international economic organisation of 32 countries. It defines itself as a forum of countries committed to democracy and the market economy, providing a setting to compare policy experiences, seeking answers to common problems, identifying good practices, and co-ordinating domestic Central Central Europe is the region lying between the variously defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe. The term and widespread interest in the region itself came back into fashion after the end of the Cold War, which, along with the Iron Curtain, had divided Europe politically into East and West, splitting Central Europe in half and eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a region lying in the Eastern part of Europe. The term is highly context-dependent and even volatile, as there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region". A related UN paper adds that "every assessment of spatial identities is essentially a social and cultural construct&, and the CIS The Commonwealth of Independent States (Russian: Содружество Независимых Государств, СНГ, tr. Sodruzhestvo Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv, SNG) is a regional organization whose participating countries are former Soviet Republics, formed during the breakup of the Soviet Union Latin America Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages (i.e., those derived from Latin) – particularly Spanish, Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,501 km² (7,880,000 sq mi), almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area. As of 2009, its and the Caribbean The Caribbean is a region consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands , and the surrounding coasts. The region is located southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and Northern America, east of Central America, and to the north of South America East Asia East Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms. Geographically and geo-politically, it covers about 12,000,000 km2 (4,600,000 sq mi), or about 28 percent of the Asian continent, about 15 percent bigger than the area of Europe Arab States The Arab World refers to Arabic-speaking countries stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the southeast. It consists of 25 countries and territories with a combined population of 358 million people straddling North South Asia South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries on the west and the east. Topographically, it is dominated by the Indian Plate, which rises above sea level as the Indian subcontinent south of the Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara. It contrasts with North Africa, which is considered a part of the Arab world

The Human Development Index (HDI) is the normalized measure of life expectancy Life expectancy is the expected number of years of life remaining at a given age. It is denoted by ex, which means the average number of subsequent years of life for someone now aged x, according to a particular mortality experience. (In technical literature, this symbol means the average number of complete years of life remaining, ie excluding, literacy Literacy has traditionally been described as the ability to read and write. It is a concept claimed and defined by a range of different theoretical fields. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization defines literacy as the "ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, compute and use printed and, education Education in the largest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual. In its technical sense, education is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills and values from one generation to another, standard of living Standard of living is generally measured by standards such as real income per person and poverty rate. Other measures such as access and quality of health care, income growth inequality and educational standards are also used. Examples are access to certain goods (such as number of refrigerators per 1000 people), or measures of health such as life, and GDP per capita The gross domestic product or gross domestic income (GDI) is a measure of a country's overall economic output. It is the market value of all final goods and services made within the borders of a country in a year. It is often positively correlated with the standard of living, though its use as a stand-in for measuring the standard of living has for countries worldwide. It is an improved standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare Welfare economics is a branch of economics that uses microeconomic techniques to simultaneously determine allocative efficiency within an economy and the income distribution associated with it.[citation needed] It analyzes social welfare, however measured, in terms of economic activities of the individuals that comprise the theoretical society and thus human development.[14] Although this index makes an effort to simplify human development, it is much more complex than any index or set of indicators.[15]

The 2007 report showed a small increase in world HDI in comparison with last year's report. This rise was fueled by a general improvement in the developing world Developing country is a term generally used to describe a nation with a low level of material well being. There is no single internationally-recognized definition of developed country, and the levels of development may vary widely within so-called developing countries, with some developing countries having high average standards of living, especially of the least developed countries Least developed country is the name given to a country which, according to the United Nations, exhibits the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world. A country is classified as a Least Developed Country if it meets three criteria based on (updated 2009, Ref: http:/ group. This marked improvement at the bottom was offset with a decrease in HDI of high income countries.

Human Poverty Index

In order to reflect the gaps in the Human Development Index, the United Nations came out with the Human Poverty Index (HPI) in 1997. The HPI measures the deficiencies in the three indexes of the human development index: long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HPI is meant to provide a broader view of human development and is adapted to developed countries to reveal social exclusion.[16]

United Nations Millennium Development Goals

In September 2000, the United Nations came up with the eight millennium development goals. The eight millennium development goals are: - eradicate extreme poverty and hunger - achieve universal primary education - promote gender equality and empower women - reduce child mortality - improve maternal health - combat HIV/AIDS and other diseases - ensure environmental sustainability - develop a global partnership for development The United Nations made a commitment to accomplish these goals by 2015 and thus make an attempt to promote human development.[17]

See also

References

  1. ^ Streeten, Paul. "Human Development: Means and Ends." Human Development.84.2(May 1994): 232-237.
  2. ^ "Human Development - Human Development Reports (UNDP)." 22 October 2009 <http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev/>.
  3. ^ Srinivasan, T.N. "Human Development: A New Paradigm or Reinvention of the Wheel?" Human Development. 84.2(May 1994): 238-243
  4. ^ "The Human Development Foundation - The Human Development Concept." 22 October 2009 <http://www.hdf.com/dotnetnuke/humandevelopment/Introduction.aspx><references/>.
  5. ^ "Human Development - Human Development Reports (UNDP)." 22 October 2009 <http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev/>.
  6. ^ "The Human Development Foundation - The Human Development Concept." 22 October 2009 <http://www.hdf.com/dotnetnuke/humandevelopment/Introduction.aspx>.
  7. ^ "Human Development - Human Development Reports (UNDP)." 22 October 2009 <http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev/>.
  8. ^ Srinivasan, T.N. "Human Development: A New Paradigm or Reinvention of the Wheel?" Human Development. 84.2(May 1994): 238-243.
  9. ^ Streeten, Paul. "Human Development: Means and Ends." Human Development.84.2(May 1994): 232-237.
  10. ^ "Human Development - Human Development Reports (UNDP)." 22 October 2009 <http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev/>.
  11. ^ "World Health Organization- Poverty and Development." 22 October 2009 http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/85/10/07-045955/en/index.html.
  12. ^ "Human Development - Human Development Reports (UNDP)." 22 October 2009 <http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev/>.
  13. ^ Srinivasan, T.N. "Human Development: A New Paradigm or Reinvention of the Wheel?" Human Development. 84.2(May 1994): 238-243.
  14. ^ "World Health Organization- Poverty and Development." 22 October 2009 http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/85/10/07-045955/en/index.html.
  15. ^ Streeten, Paul. "Human Development: Means and Ends." Human Development.84.2(May 1994): 232-237.
  16. ^ "World Health Organization- Poverty and Development." 22 October 2009 http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/85/10/07-045955/en/index.html.
  17. ^ "United Nations Millenium Development Goals." 22 October 2009 <http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/index.shtml>.

Categories: Development The Development category relates to issues of economic development, development aid and international development. See also Sustainability

 

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As we celebrate, let us reflect on the essence of Christmas and the birth of the Holy Prophet Jesus and the example he set for peace and love for . humanity. . The world today indeed is in need of the example of the Holy Prophet Jesus for greater justice and the strength to resist ... Let us pray that we continue to enjoy this beautiful blessing and strive to safeguard it for generations to come as there can be no meaningful . development. in the absence of peace and security. ...

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